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HISTORY

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YEAR	TITLE
1000	GAJNI ATTACKED INDIA
1556	Akbar ascended the Mughal throne
1556	Battle of Panipat
1562	Akbar Married Jodha
1569	Akbar's son Jahangir born
1572	Akbar annexed Gujarat
1601	Buland Darwaza built
1605	Akbar died
1776	AMERICA GETSFREEDOMFROM BRITISH
1857	INDIA WAR ON INDEPENDENCE AGAINST BRITISH

1863	President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation
1865	The 13th Amendment was ratified abolishing slavery and involuntary servitude
1865	Junetheenth — The last of the enslaved people in Texas were freed
1868	The 14th Amendment was ratified granting citizenship to all persons (male) born or naturalized in the United States—including former slaves—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws.”
1870	The 15th Amendment was ratified granting African American men the right to vote

1885	1st session -Congress-72 social reformers, journalists and lawyers congregated for the first session of Indian National Congress at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay
1885	2nd session -Congress-The second session of the Congress took place under the leadership of Dadabhai Naoroji in Calcutta. The number of delegates had increased to 434. Towards the end of the session, the Congress decided to set up Provincial Congress Committees across the country.
1890	Sixth Session -Congress-In his presidential address, Pherozeshah Mehta said 'To my mind, a Parsi is a better and a truer Parsi, as a Mohammedan or a Hindu is a better and truer Mohammedan or Hindu, the more he is attached to the land which gave him birth, the more he is bound in brotherly relations and affection to all the children of the soil, the more he recognizes the fraternity of all the native communities of the country".
1892	Eighth Session -Congress-At its Allahabad Session in 1892, the Congress criticised the Indian Councils Act of 1892, which had just been put into operation by the colonial government. They said that the Act did not give the Indian people the right to elect their own representatives.
1892	Ninth Session -Congress-Dadabhai Naoroji becomes the first Asian to be elected to the British Parliament
1892	Tenth Session -Congress-In the 1892 Parliamentary Elections in Britain, Dadabhai Naoroji was elected from the Finsbury Central seat as a candidate of the Liberal Party. He won despite a leading British politician chastising the public for "stooping so low as to vote for a brown man".
1895	Eleventh Session -Congress-The Congress at its Eleventh Session was buoyed by a substantial increase in the number of delegates from 1163 in 1894 to 1584. An elated President Surendranath Banerjea congratulated the Congress for bringing together 'the scattered element of a vast and diversified population', and making them vibrate with the new born sentiment of an awakened nationality.
1896	Resolution Blaming the British for Famine-Under the leadership of Rahimatulla M Sayani, the Congress at its Calcutta Session, passed a resolution blaming the British for the famine that had devastated many parts of India. They condemned the provisions of the existing famine code as being 'inadequate' and attacked the government for the manner in which it was blocking private relief.
1897	Congress slams Tilak's arrest-The shadow of Bal Gangadhar Tilak arrest on charges of sedition, loomed large over the Amraoti Session. Surendranath Banerjea made full use of his brilliant oratorical skills while voicing his solidarity with Tilak. "For Mr. Tilak, my heart is full of sympathy, my feelings go forth to him in his prison house. A Nation is in tears,'he said.
1899	Drain of Wealth-At its fifteenth session in Lucknow in 1899, the Congress demanded that the British government put a stop to the 'drain of wealth’ from India to England that had been taking place as a result of colonial rule. By raising this matter, Congress attacked a concept that formed the very basis of colonialism. It is no coincidence that Congress raised this under the presidentship of R.C. Dutt, who along with Dadabhai Naoroji, had been consistently criticising the British for the drain of wealth. This succeeded the 12th session in Calcutta in 1896, when the drain theory got a stamp of approval and the British were held responsible for the ‘drain of wealth’ from India which led to frequent famines and growing poverty in India.
1901	Mahatma Gandhi appears on the Congress Platform-The 1901 Calcutta Session was the first time Mahatma Gandhi appeared on the Congress platform. Then a lawyer based in South Africa, Gandhi ji urged the Congress to support the struggle against racial discrimination and exploitation in the country.
1901	Mahatma Gandhi appears on the Congress Platform-The 1901 Calcutta Session was the first time Mahatma Gandhi appeared on the Congress platform. Then a lawyer based in South Africa, Gandhi ji urged the Congress to support the struggle against racial discrimination and exploitation in the country.
1904	Bombay Session, 1904-At its Bombay Session, the Congress protested the violation of rules by Lord Curzon as he used revenues from India for his forward policy in Tibet. The Congress also recorded its emphatic protest against the Curzon administration's proposal to divide Bengal, a province which was at the forefront of the antiBritish struggle.

1910	GANDHI JI HIND SWARAJ DESIGNED FOR INDIA
1915	GANDHI JI BACK IN INDIA FOR FREEDOM MOVEMENT
1916	CongressLeague unity-The 1916 Lucknow Session represented the unification of the moderates and extremists within the Congress but also the closing of ranks between the Congress and the All India Muslim League. The League also held its session in the same city, Lucknow, that year.
1917	First woman President-The Congress got its first woman President at the Calcutta Session in 1917: Annie Besant. "To see India free, to see her hold up her head among the Nations, to see her sons and daughters respected everywhere, to see her worthy of her mighty Past, engaged in building a yet mightier future is not this worth working for, worth living for and worth dying for? She asked during her presidential address.
1918	Special Session, Bombay-The Congress, at the Special Session in Bombay, termed the Montague Chelmsford reforms as disappointing. It demanded a Declaration of Rights for the people of India and asserted that Indian legislatures should have the same measure of Fiscal Autonomy as the Self governing Dominions of the Empire.
1918	The Kheda Satyagraha-On March 22, 1918, Sardar Patel, under the leadership of Gandhi, launched a Satyagraha against taxes on floodhit farmers in Kaira. It continued up to June 6, when the government agreed to the demands of the protestors
1919	Amritsar Session-By holding its 34th Session at Amritsar on 26 Dec 1919, the Congress expressed its deep solidarity with the people killed in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre in the city earlier that year. Under the presidentship of Motilal Nehru, the Congress condemned the massacre in the strongest of terms.
1919	Gandhiji attends the Khilafat Conference in Delhi-Gandhiji and the Congress joined the Khilafat movement launched by prominent Muslim leaders to protest against British designs against the Caliphate in Turkey. In the process, Gandhiji not only united the country across the religious divide, he also transformed the Congress into a mass movement.
1919	Jallianwala Bagh Massacre-The Jallianwala Bagh massacre was a key moment in Indian History as on April 13 1919, British Forces, led by BrigadierGeneral REH Dyer opened fire on a crowd of close to 20,000 people in Amritsar, killing over a thousand.
1919	Protests Against the Rowlatt Bills-On April 6, 1919, Gandhiji launched his first allIndia Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Bills, which indefinitely extended 'emergency measures' to control public unrest
1920	The 19th Amendment was ratified granting women the right to vote
1920	Noncooperation-On August 1, 1920, a noncooperation movement was led by Gandhiji against the British for not addressing the widespread anger caused by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre as well as the Khilafat issue. Gandhiji exhorted the people to give up colonial titles and government posts and boycott foreign articles.
1920	On warfooting-On 26 Dec 1920, at its Nagpur Session,, the Congress sought to intensify the Non-Cooperation Movement. It urged merchants to boycott any foreign trade relations and urged government servants to help the national cause. The importance of using nonviolent means was reiterated. The party also made certain important organisational changes. The strength of the A I. C. C. increased to 350 and a Working Committee of 15 members was constituted.
1921	Ahmedabad Session, 1921-Hakim Ajmal Khan was unanimously elected to preside over the Session in the absence of C.R. Das, who was in jail. Gandhiji was appointed as the sole executive authority of the Congress and invested with full powers of the AICC. Chairs and benches for delegates were eliminated and Khadi tents made their appearance for first time.
1922	Council entry-At the Gaya session on 26 Dec 1922, Congress leaders debated on the merits and demerits of continuing its boycott of the governmentcreated councils. While the 'nochangers' led by C Rajagopalachari and those loyal, suggested to Gandhiji advocated continuing the boycott, the Swarajists led by C.R. Das suggesting participating in the councils.
1923	Kakinada Session, 1923-The Kakinada Session was presided over by Maulana Mohammad Ali, who was released in 1919 after spending five years in prison. 'Our Swaraj must be Sarvaraj: the Raj of all...Swaraj must be won by the minimum sacrifice of the maximum number and not by the maximum sacrifice of the minimum number,' the Maulana said during his presidential address.
1924	Congress enacted the Indian Citizenship Act granting citizenship to all Native Americans born in the US (their right to vote was governed by state law until 1957 and some states barred Native Americans from voting)
1924	Congress Seva Dal-On January 1, 1923 the Seva Dal was established as the Hindustan Seva Mandal with Jawaharlal Nehru as its first president. According to the resolution at Kakinada, the Dal was to work under the supervision of the Congress party's working committee. Umabai Kundapur was the founding president of the women's wing of the Dal.
1924	Fast for Hindu Muslim unity-After hearing news of communal violence in Kohat and also in Amethi, Sambhal and Gulbarga, Gandhiji went on a fast for Hindu-Muslim unity on September 17, 1924, He ended his fast only after 21 days.
1924	GandhiNehruDas pact-To end the infighting within the Congress, a pact was signed between Gandhiji on one hand and Motilal Nehru and C.R. Das on the other whereby the Congress accepted that the Swarajists were in the Councils on the Congress's behalf. In return, the Swarajists agreed that only those who spun Khadi could be members of the Congress.
1925	Kanpur Session, 1925-Sarojini Naidu became the second woman to preside over the Congress after Annie Besant. She said during her presidential address: 'How shall I stir your hearts, how shall I light that flame that cannot die, so that your slavery, so that your disunion, so that all the things that make you hungry and naked and forlorn, oppressed and battered 'will be burnt in that undying fire?'
1927	Congress decides to boycott the Simon Commission-At the 1927 Madras Session, the Congress resolved to boycott the Simon Commission "at each stage and in every form". In a separate resolution, the Creed of the Congress was defined: "the goal of the Indian people is complete National Independence"
1928	Bardoli Satyagraha-On February 12 1928, Sardar Patel under Gandhi's leadership launched a Satyagraha in Bardoli against high taxes on farmers who were already reeling under floods and famine. It continued up till August 6, 1928, when an agreement was arrived at with the government.
1928	Dominion Status-During the Calcutta session,Gandhiji moved a resolution accepting the Motilal Nehru report's recommendation of Dominion Status within two years. However, Jawaharlal Nehru moved an amendment reiterating the Congress's commitment to independence. To arrive at a middle ground, the Congress gave the British a warning that a civil disobedience movement would start if India was not granted dominion status by December 31, 1929.
1929	Purna Swaraj is the Goal-With Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru at the helm, the Congress went a step declaring Purna Swaraj (complete independence) as its ultimate goal. “We long for peace and the hand of fellowship will always be stretched but to all who may care to grasp it. But behind the hand will be a body which will not bend to injustice and a mind that will not surrender on any vital point,” Pandit Nehru said during his presidential address.


1930	1st Round Table Conference-The conference, chaired by the British PM, Ramsay MacDonald, discussed constitutional issues pertaining to India. The Congress did not attend the Conference as its leaders were in jail for civil disobedience.
1930	1st Round Table Conference-The conference, chaired by the British PM, Ramsay MacDonald, discussed constitutional issues pertaining to India. The Congress did not attend the Conference as its leaders were in jail for civil disobedience.
1930	Dandi March-On March 12, 1930, Gandhiji started his Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) from his residence at Sabarmati protesting against the 1882 Salt Act, which gave the British a monopoly on the collection, storage and trade of salt, and which levied a salt tax. On Apr 6, 1930, Gandhiji broke Salt laws at Dandi.
1930	Dandi March-On March 12, 1930, Gandhiji started his Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) from his residence at Sabarmati protesting against the 1882 Salt Act, which gave the British a monopoly on the collection, storage and trade of salt, and which levied a salt tax. On Apr 6, 1930, Gandhiji broke Salt laws at Dandi.
1930	QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT
1931	2nd Round Table Conf-The deliberations of the conference that started on September 7, 1931, failed to bring about a consensus between Gandhiji and other Indian participants on separate electorates and other safeguards for Muslims and other minorities.
1931	Gandhi Irwin Pact-Gandhiji entered into a pact with the then Viceroy, Lord Irwin, thereby agreeing to discontinue the civil disobedience movement and participate in the Round Table Conferences, on Irwin's acceptance to withdraw the Salt tax and ordinances and cases against the Congress and other nationalists.
1931	Gandhi Irwin Pact-Gandhiji entered into a pact with the then Viceroy, Lord Irwin, thereby agreeing to discontinue the civil disobedience movement and participate in the Round Table Conferences, on Irwin's acceptance to withdraw the Salt tax and ordinances and cases against the Congress and other nationalists.
1931	Karachi Session, 1931-The Congress expressed its admiration of the bravery and sacrifice of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru who were executed on March 23, 1931, while also voicing its disapproval of political violence. They declared the execution of the three young men to be an act of wanton vengeance.
1931	Karachi Session, 1931-The Congress expressed its admiration of the bravery and sacrifice of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev and Rajguru who were executed on March 23, 1931, while also voicing its disapproval of political violence. They declared the execution of the three young men to be an act of wanton vengeance.
1932	2nd Round Table Conf.-The deliberations of the conference that started on September 7, 1931, failed to bring about a consensus between Gandhiji and other Indian participants on separate electorates and other safeguards for Muslims and other minorities.
1932	Civil Disobedience Revived-Lord Willingdon became the Viceroy in Nov 1931. He violated the GandhiIrwin Pact by repressing Congress and other nationalists. Hence, Congress revived the civil disobedience movement on 4 Jan 1932
1932	Civil Disobedience Revived-Lord Willingdon became the Viceroy in Nov 1931. He violated the GandhiIrwin Pact by repressing Congress and other nationalists. Hence, Congress revived the civil disobedience movement on 4 Jan 1932
1932	Communal Award-On August 16, 1932, the British Government announced that members to the provincial legislatures would be elected from separate electorates/constituencies, which would primarily be demarcated on a communal basis.
1932	Communal Award-On August 16, 1932, the British Government announced that members to the provincial legislatures would be elected from separate electorates/constituencies, which would primarily be demarcated on a communal basis.
1932	Congress braves crackdown-Despite Police vigilance, over 500 delegates attended the Congress session in Delhi in April 1932. Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, the President elect was arrested enroute. Four resolutions were passed reiterating complete Independence as the goal of the Congress, endorsing the revival of Civil Disobedience, expressing complete faith in Gandhiji's leadership and reaffirming deep faith in nonviolence.
1932	Congress braves crackdown-Despite Police vigilance, over 500 delegates attended the Congress session in Delhi in April 1932. Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, the President elect was arrested enroute. Four resolutions were passed reiterating complete Independence as the goal of the Congress, endorsing the revival of Civil Disobedience, expressing complete faith in Gandhiji's leadership and reaffirming deep faith in nonviolence.
1932	Fast against Separate Electorate-On September 20, 1932, Gandhiji went on a fast protesting against a separate electorate for Harijans. In his words, such 'separation would kill all prospects of reform'; 'when a man relies on a support, to that extent he weakens himself
1932	Fast against Separate Electorate
1932	Poona Pact-Gandhiji ended his fast against against separate electorates for Harijans. This was after a pact was reached between him and Dr BR Ambedekar that allowed a certain number of reserved seats for Harijans
1932	Poona Pact-Gandhiji ended his fast against against separate electorates for Harijans. This was after a pact was reached between him and Dr BR Ambedekar that allowed a certain number of reserved seats for Harijans
1932	The Third Round Table Conference-The Third Round Table Conference began on November 17, 1932 and continued up to December 24, 1932. The Congress boycotted it.
1932	The Third Round Table Conference-The Third Round Table Conference began on November 17, 1932 and continued up to December 24, 1932. The Congress boycotted it.
1934	Khadi becomes compulosry-A number of changes in the Congress constitution were affected at the Bombay Session in 1934. Wearing of Khadi was made a necessary criterion for elective membership. A cap of 2000 was put for the number of Congress delegates. A. I. C. C. was reduced to half its strength. The delegates were to be elected at the rate of 1 per every 500 primary members, thereby making them representatives of the people.
1934	Khadi becomes compulosry-A number of changes in the Congress constitution were affected at the Bombay Session in 1934. Wearing of Khadi was made a necessary criterion for elective membership. A cap of 2000 was put for the number of Congress delegates. A. I. C. C. was reduced to half its strength. The delegates were to be elected at the rate of 1 per every 500 primary members, thereby making them representatives of the people.
1935	Government of India Act, 1935-On August 2, 1935, The Government of India Act, 1935 was passed. It laid down the constitutional framework for the governance of British India at the federal and provincial levels.
1936	First 'rural' Session-Held at Faizpur near Jalgaon, this was the first Congress Session in a rural area. Pandit Nehru said during his presidential address, 'A vaster and more pressing problem is that of the peasantry, for India is essentially a land of the peasants. In recognition of this fact, and to bring the Congress nearer to the peasant masses, we are meeting here today at the village of Faizpur and not, as of old, in some great city'.
1936	Lucknow Session, 1936-Lashing out at the British during his presidential address at the Lucknow Session, Pandit Nehru said 'Meanwhile, the decay of British Imperialism in India becomes ever more apparent. It cannot by its very nature solve our economic problems and rid us of our terrible poverty, which it has largely itself created. It subsists on a normal fare of the fiercest repression and a denial of civil and even personal liberty
1937	Congress wins Provincial Elections-In 1937, first elections were held for the provincial legislatures. About 10 to 12 % of the population had the right to vote. The Congress won an absolute majority in 5 out of 11 provinces and formed governments in 7 provinces
1938	Dominion Status-During the Calcutta session,Gandhiji moved a resolution accepting the Motilal Nehru report's recommendation of Dominion Status within two years. However, Jawaharlal Nehru moved an amendment reiterating the Congress's commitment to independence. To arrive at a middle ground, the Congress gave the British a warning that a civil disobedience movement would start if India was not granted dominion status by December 31, 1929.
1938	Haripura Session-The fiftyfirst session of the Congress at Haripura was presided over by Subhash Chandra Bose. Towards the end of the session, there was a contest for who would be the presidentelect for the next session between Netaji and Pattabhi Sittaramayya. Bose won with a thumping margin even though Sittaramayya was seen as Gandhiji's nominee.
1938	Proclamation of Emergency-GovernorGeneral Lord Linlithgow made a Proclamation of Emergency in India due to commencement of the Second World War, thereby assuming control over provincial governments
1939	Netaji resigns-The Congress met at Tripuri under special circumstances as president Subhas Chandra Bose was very ill and Gandhiji was fasting in Rajkot. As Bose was too ill to preside over some sittings, Maulana Azad conducted proceedings on his behalf. However, differences cropped up between Bose and a section of the Working Committee and the former resigned from his presidentship.
1939	World War II-Congress ministers resigned protesting GovernorGeneral's unilateral declaration of India's participation in World War II, coupled with his nonacceptance of the Congress' preconditions for cooperation which included an Indian national government at the centre and a commitment to India's complete independence after the war.
1940	Individual Civil Disobedience-October 17 1940, Gandiji launched the individual civil disobedience movement (as distinguished from the mass civil disobedience movement) with Vinoba Bhave as the first individual satyagrahi and Nehru, the second.
1940	Ramgarh Session-The Ramgarh Session was taken up entirely with the crisis brought about by the war and passed only one lengthy resolution on the issue. The Congress protested against the declaration of India as a belligerent country without any reference to the people and stated that the British government was carrying on the war fundamentally for imperialist ends. The party also declared that nothing short of complete independence is acceptable.
1942	AZAD HIND FAUZ FOUNDED-This article is about the second Indian National Army under Subhash Chandra Bose. For the organisation under Mohan Singh, see First Indian National Army. For the modern Indian military, see Indian Armed Forces. For the army of the British Raj, see British Indian Army. For the regiment raised in Germany, see Free India Legion.
1942	Failure of the Cripps Mission-From March 22, 1942, Sir Stafford Cripps, carried out negotiations with the Congress seeking support from Indians for Britain in World War II. The Congress sought immediate and complete transfer of power. The negotiations, which came to an end on April 11, 1942, failed as the British did not agree to the demand.
1942	GANDHIJI QUIT INDIA MOVEMENT
1942	Indian National Army (INA)-February 12 1942, the Indian National Army was formed in SouthEast Asia to secure Indian independence with Japanese assistance. Led initially by Mohan Singh for a very brief period, Subhas Chandra Bose became the CommanderinChief in June 1943.
1942	Quit India Movement-The Quit India movement marked the begining of the last phase of Brtish rule in India. Starting from the August Kranti Maidan, the movement spread like wildfire through the country, culminating with India's Independence in 1947.
1943	Provisional Govt of Free India-On October 21, 1943, Subhas Chandra Bose founded the Provisional Government of free India. It was recognised by nine world powers including Germany, Italy, Japan and Myanmar. It declared war against Britain and the U.S.A.
1945	Netaji Subhas Bose's Reported Death-On August 18, 1945, a Japanese news agency reported that Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose died in a plane crash in Taiwan.
1945	Shimla Conference-Starting June 25, 1945, Lord Wavell negotiated with Indian leaders for Indian support to fight to the II World War. In return, he proposed to set up an interim government comprising Indians after the war, which would also draft a new constitution. The negotiations, which went on till July 14, 1945, failed to bring consensus between the Congress and Muslim League
1946	British Cabinet Mission-The British Cabinet Mission's May 16 plan recommended election of a constituent assembly and creation of a loose threetier confederation of united India, with separate grouping of majority Hindu and Muslim provinces and with equal representation of such Hindu and Muslim groups at the Union level. Unable to create a consensus between the League and the Congress, the Cabinet Mission left India on June 29, 1946.
1946	Caretaker Govt constitued-After being invited by Lord Wavell on August 12, 1946, a caretaker government was formed on September 2 with Nehru as VicePresident of the Viceroy's Executive Council. The Muslim League was not part of the caretaker government as it withdrew its acceptance of the Cabinet Mission Plan.
1946	Congress Accepts Cabinet Mission-On July 7, the Congress agreed to the May 16 plan. On July 10, 1946, Nehru stated that the Congress would enter the Constituent Assembly completely unfettered by agreements and free to meet all situations as they arise' On July 29, 1946, the Muslim League, which had earlier approved the Mission's proposals, withdrew its support to the Plan and demanded the creation of Pakistan.
1946	Constituent Assembly-The elections to the Constituent Assembly were held in JulyAugust 1946. The first sitting of the assembly, chaired by Dr. Sachidananda Sinha, was held on December 9, 1946. However, members belonging to the Muslim League boycotted the meeting, as they were adamant on the creation of Pakistan.
1946	Direct Action Day-The Muslim League called for observance of Direct Action Day on August 16, 1946 for creation of a separate Pakistan. This triggered communal violence in Calcutta resulting in the death or injury of around 20,000 persons.
1946	Peace Mission in Bengal-On November 6, 1946 Gandhiji embarked upon his peace mission in Bengal to stop communal violence. By the time he completed the mission on March 2, 1947, he had covered 49 villages across the province that had been badly hit by communal strife.
1946	Second Provincial Government-New governments were formed at the provinces based on the election held in March, 1946. The Congress won absolute majority in Bombay, Madras, United Provinces, Bihar, Orissa and Central Provinces. In Punjab, a Coalition government comprising the Congress, Akalis and the Unionist Party was formed. The Muslim League secured a majority in Bengal and Sindh.

1947	11 Chattisgarh states Join C.P. and Berar-On December 16, 1947, 11 Chattisgarh states agreed to join the Central Provinces (C.P.) and Berar with effect from January 1, 1948.
1947	15 States Join Orrisa-On December 15, 1947, as result of the efforts of the States Ministry headed by Sardar Patel and assisted by V.P. Menon, 12 out of 15 class B and C class states agreed to sign an agreement with the Government of India whereby the administration of the states are to be taken over by the Government of Orissa. The merger of all 25 states except 1 became effective on January 1, 1948. On the next day, 10 Aclass states also agreed to the same.
1947	Asian Relations Conference-On March 23, 1947, Nehru hosted the Asian Relations Conference, chaired by Sarojini Naidu, to bring together the leading men and women of Asia on a common platform to study the problems of common concern to the people of the continent, to focus attention on social, economic and cultural problems of the different countries of Asia, and to foster mutual contact and understanding.
1947	Decision on Partitioning India-June 3, 1947, Lord Mountbatten announced his plan to partition India to resolve the deadlock created by the refusal of the Muslim League to join the Constituent Assembly framed to form the constitution of India.
1947	Drafting Committee of Constituent Assembly-On August 29, 1947, the Constituent Assembly constituted the Drafting Committee to formulate the provisions of a Constitution for India, with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as its chairman.
1947	INDIA GETS FREEDOMFROM BRITISH
1947	Indian Independence Act, 1947-On July 18, 1947, the Indian Independence Act, 1947 was passed by the British for partition and transfer of powers on the lines of the announcement made by Lord Mountbatten in June 1947
1947	Inviting Princely States-On July 5, 1947, Sardar Patel invited Princely States to join the forthcoming Indian Union, by way of transferring their powers over Defence, Foreign Affairs and Communications in return for privy purses to the princes (as the scheme of the independence outlined by Lord Mountbatten left the Princely States free from having to join either India or Pakistan)
1947	J&K Accedes to the Indian Union-On October 26, 1947, Maharajah Hari Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, executed the Instrument of Accession to accede to the Dominion of India.
1947	Junagadh Becomes Part of India-After the ruler, dewan and the executive council of Junagadh unanimously gave their approval and consent to the Instrument of Accession, the Indian Union took over the administration of the state. A small Indian military was despatched to Junagadh, which was given a resounding welcome by the local people.
1947	Princely States join India-All but three of the 565 Princely States signed Instruments of Accession and Standstill agreements with the forthcoming Indian Union by August 14 1947. The three states which hadn't signed the Instruments of Accession by then were Junagadh, Hyderabad and Kashmir.
1948	Damodar Valley Corp Created-The Damodar Valley Corporation was created on 7 July 1948 as the first multipurpose river valley project of independent India. The project has been transmitting power since 1953 and has contributed greatly to the development of Eastern India.
1948	Deccan States Merge with Bombay-On February 20, the rulers of 15 Deccan states agreed to integrate their administration with that of the Province of Bombay and to confer full and exclusive powers and jurisdiction in relation to their states to the Government of India.
1948	East Punjab States Union formed-On July 15, 1948, Sardar Patel, Minister for States, inaugurated the Union of Patiala and East Punjab States, consisting of the States of Patiala, Kapurthala, Nabha, Jind, Faridkot, Malerkotla, Kalsia and Nalagarh.
1948	Gandhiji's Last Fast-Upset at the reports of communal violence and disharmony that he had been hearing since his arrival in Delhi a month after independence, Gandhiji began fasting for religious unity on January 13, 1948. He ended his fast on January 19, when a Peace Committee of 180 members from Hindu, Muslim, Sikh and other religious communities with Dr. Rajendra Prasad as its convenor, signed a pledge assuring him that such incidents would not happen again.
1948	Hyderabad Becomes Part of India-On September 17, 1948, the Nizam surrendered after the Indian military successfully marched into Hyderabad, the last Princely State to accede to the Indian Union
1948	Jaipur Session-Holding the first Congress Session after independence at Jaipur was of immense symbolic value. It represented the integration of erstwhile princely states like Jaipur into the Indian Union. The Jaipur Session saw the merger of all the political outfits in various principalities of the erstwhile principality following the Congress' agenda, with the Congress party.
1948	Mahatma Gandhi was assasinated by a religious fanatic Nathuram Godse on January 30, 1948 when he was on the way to a prayer meeting. Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru stated: "The Light has gone out from our lives" as the nation plunged into mourning.
1948	Martyrdom of Mahatma Gandhi
1948	Matsya Union Formed-On 17 March 1948, the Matsya Union came into being with the integration of the states of Alwar, Bharatpur, Dholpur and Karauli.
1949	Cochin Travancore Union Born-On July 1, 1949, Cochin and Travancore were merged by the Ministry of States and integrated into the Union to form the state of TravancoreCochin or ThiruKochi.
1949	Conference Against Dutch Aggression in Indonesia-On January 20, 1949, Prime Minister, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru inaugurated in New Delhi a Conference of 19 nations (18 Asian countries and Australia) Against Dutch Aggression in Indonesia. His inaugural address read, "If this challenge is not met effectively, then indeed, the consequences will affect not merely Indonesia, but Asia and the entire world."
1949	Constitution of India-The Constituent Assembly, on behalf of the people of India, adopted the Constitution of India, a document that made India into a sovereign democratic republic and shaped its future growth.
1949	Greater Rajasthan Union Inaugurated-On March 30, 1949, Sardar Patel, the Deputy Prime Minister of India, inaugurated the Greated Rajasthan Union, which brought together 19 princely states, 2 chiefships and the district of AjmerMerwara (22 regions).
1950	Sardar Patel passed away-Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the 75 year old Bismark of India, who was one of the foremost architects of India's freedom and its consolidation, passed away.
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