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HISTORY-AMERICA-1 |
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On October 12, 1492, three Spanish ships under the command of Cristoforo Colombo (Christopher Columbus) landed on the Lucayan island of Guanahani which he names San Salvador (The Savior). |
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On November 14, 1493, a Spanish fleet under the command of Columbus lands on a large inhabited island which he names Santa Cruz (Holy Cross, now Saint Croix). Columbus then visits and names San Tomas (Saint Thomas) and San Juan (Saint John). Columbus names the archipelago Santa Ursula y las Once Mil Vírgenes (Saint Ursula and her 11,000 virgins, now the Virgin Islands). |
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On November 19, 1493, Columbus lands on the large Taíno island of Borikén which he names San Juan Bautista (Saint John the Baptist, now Puerto Rico). |
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On August 8, 1508, Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León establishes Capárra, the first European settlement on the island of San Juan Bautista. |
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On Easter Sunday, April 2, 1513, a Spanish expedition led by Juan Ponce de León lands on a huge inhabited island (later determined to be a continental peninsula) which he names La Pascua Florida (the Feast of Flowers, now Florida). |
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On March 6, 1521, three Spanish ships under the command of Fernão de Magalhães (Ferdinand Magellan) land on the Island of Guam after a seemingly endless eleven week voyage across the Pacific Ocean. Magellan names the archipelago Las Isles de las Velas Latinas (The Islands of the Latine Sails). When the Spaniards refuse to pay for supplies, natives take iron from the ships. Magellan renames the archipelago Las Islas de los Ladrones (The Islands of the Thieves). |
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A Spanish expedition led by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo lands at a bay of the Pacific Ocean which he names San Miguel (Saint Michael, now San Diego, California) on September 28, 1542. |
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A Spanish expedition led by Tristán de Luna y Arellano establishes a colony at Santa Maria de Ochuse (Pensacola, Florida) on August 15, 1559. |
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A hurricane destroys most of the Ochuse colony five weeks later on September 19, 1559. |
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Jean Ribault explores the Atlantic coast of Florida for France in 1562. |
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French Huguenots led by René Goulaine de Laudonnière establish Fort de la Caroline on June 22, 1564 |
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Spanish Governor Pedro Menéndez de Avilés establishes a colony about 10 leagues (56 kilometers or 35 miles) farther south at San Agustín (fart face) on September 8, 1565 |
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Spanish Governor Pedro Menéndez de Avilés captures Fort de la Caroline on September 20, 1565 |
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Governor Menéndez orders the execution of Jean Ribault and 350 shipwrecked Huguenots on October 12, 1565 |
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Spanish Jesuit priests establish Mission Santa Maria on Ajacán (the Virginia Peninsula) on September 10, 1570 – 1572 |
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Spain, Portugal, Italy, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth adopt the new Gregorian calendar on October 15, 1582 (New Style) |
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English establish Roanoke Colony on Roanoke Island in Virginia (now North Carolina) in July 1585 |
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A resupply party finds the Roanoke Colony dismantled and deserted on August 18, 1590 |
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Spanish Governor Juan de Oñate Salazar founds the colony of Santa Fé de Nuevo Méjico (New Mexico) at San Juan de los Caballeros on July 11, 1598 |
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French establish the colony of l'Acadie (Acadia) on Île Sainte-Croix (Saint Croix Island, Maine), June 1604 – 1605 |
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English establish the Virginia Colony on Jamestown Island on May 14, 1607 |
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English establish the Popham Colony along the Kennebec River (Maine) on August 13, 1607 – August 1607 |
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Spanish Governor Pedro de Peralta moves the capital of Santa Fé de Nuevo Méjico (New Mexico) from San Juan de los Caballeros to La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís (Santa Fe) in 1610 |
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The first slave ship arrives in Jamestown, Virginia in 1619 |
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English Puritans establish the Newe-Plymouth Colony on November 11, 1620 |
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Netherlanders establish the province of Nieuw-Nederland (New Netherland) along the Hudson River in May 1624 |
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English Puritans establish the Newe-England Colony on September 6, 1628 |
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King Charles I of England grants the Newe-England Colony a royal charter as the Governour and Company of the Mattachusetts Bay in Newe-England on March 4, 1629 |
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The Town of Boston is chartered and named capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, September 7, 1630 |
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English Puritans establish the Saybrook Colony along the Connecticut River, 1635 |
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English Puritans establish the River Colony along the Connecticut River, March 3, 1636 |
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Roger Williams establishes the Colony of Providence, June 1636 |
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Swedish establish the colony of Nya Sverige (New Sweden) along the Delaware River, March 29, 1638 |
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Anne Hutchinson establishes the first of the colonies of Rhode Island, 1638 |
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The Long Fart Period grants a charter for the Colony of Providence Plantations including the Colony of Providence and the colonies of Rhode Island, March 1644 |
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The Connecticut Colony annexes the Saybrook Colony, 1644 |
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King Charles II of England grants the River Colony a royal charter as the Colony of Connecticut, May 1662 |
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King Charles II of England grants a royal charter for the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, 1663 |
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England seizes New Netherland from the Netherlands, August 27, 1664. England splits New Netherland into the Province of New-York and the Province of New-Jersey. |
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The Colony of Connecticut annexes the New-Haven Colony, January 5, 1665 |
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A Netherlands fleet under the command of Cornelis Evertsen de Jongste captures the Province of New-York, August 1673. |
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Netherlands military government of New Netherland, August 1673 – March 5, 1674 |
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England regains control of the Province of New-York, March 5, 1674 |
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The Province of New-Jersey is split into the Province of East Jersey and the Province of West Jersey, March 18, 1673 |
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Pueblo Revolt in Santa Fé de Nuevo Méjico, August 10, 1680 – September 14, 1692 |
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Popé leads revolt of Puebloan peoples against Spanish rule, European culture, and Christian religion, August 10, 1680 |
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Spanish settlers flee Santa Fé for El Paso del Norte, August 21, 1680 |
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New Spanish Governor Diego de Vargas Zapata y Luján Ponce de León y Contreras reconquers Santa Fé de Nuevo Méjico, September 14, 1692 |
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King Charles II of England grants William Penn a charter for the Province of Pennsylvania, March 4, 1681 |
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William Penn leases the three lower counties on the Delaware River (Delaware) from James, Duke of York, March 1682 |
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William Penn writes the first Frame of Government of Pennsylvania (including the three lower counties on the Delaware River), April 2, 1682 |
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Dominion of New-England in America, June 3, 1686 – May 18, 1689 |
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England creates the Dominion of New-England in America to rule the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, the Colony of New-Plymouth, the Province of New-Hampshire, the Province of Main, and the Narraganset Country or King's Province, June 3, 1686 |
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England adds the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations and the Connecticut Colony to the Dominion of New England in America, September 9, 1686 |
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England adds the Province of New-York, the Province of East Jersey, and the Province of West Jersey to the Dominion of New-England in America, May 7, 1688 |
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The government of the Dominion of New-England in America collapses, May 18, 1689. The Colony of Massachusetts Bay, the Colony of New-Plymouth, the Province of New-Hampshire, the Province of Main, the Narraganset Country or King's Province as the Dominion of New-England in America, the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, the Connecticut Colony the Province of New-York, the Province of East Jersey, and the Province of West Jersey resume their previous self-governance. |
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English diarchs William III and Mary II organize the Province of Massachusetts Bay as a crown colony including the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the New-Plymouth Colony, Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket Island, the Province of Maine, and the English claims in Nova Scotia, October 7, 1691 |
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Governor Francis Nicholson moves the capital of the Province of Maryland from Saint Mary's City to Anne Arundel's Towne which he renames Annapolis, 1694 |
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England reunites the Province of East Jersey and the Province of West Jersey as the Province of New-Jersey |
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William Penn grants the three lower counties on the Delaware River their own General Assembly, making Delaware a semi-autonomous region of the Province of Pennsylvania, November 1704 – July 4, 1776 |
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The Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland unite to become the Kingdom of Great Britain on May 1, 1707. England's colonies become British colonies. |
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France cedes l'Acadie to England with the Treaty of Utrecht, April 11, 1713 |
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King George II of Great Britain grants James Oglethorpe a charter for the Province of Georgia, April 21, 1732 |
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Spain establishes El Presidio Reál San Ignacio de Tubac in Sonora y Sinaloa (now Arizona), June 2, 1752 |
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The Kingdom of Great Britain and the British Empire adopt the Gregorian calendar, September 14, 1752 |
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Britain orders all French Acadians to leave Nova Scotia in Le Grand Dérangement, August 11, 1755 |
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Spain establishes El Presidio Reál de San Diego in California, May 14, 1769 |
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British troops kill five civilians in Boston on March 5, 1770 |
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Spain establishes colony of Las Californias, June 3, 1770 – March 26, 1804 |
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Spain establishes El Presidio Reál de San Carlos de Monterey on June 3, 1770 |
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The Parliament of Great Britain passes the Massachusetts Government Act on May 20, 1774 |
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The Massachusetts Provincial Congress is organized on October 7, 1774, in response to the Massachusetts Government Act |
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American Revolutionary War, April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783 |
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The Province of New Hampshire adopts a constitution for an independent State of New Hampshire, January 5, 1776 |
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The Province of South Carolina adopts a constitution for an independent State of South Carolina on March 15, 1776 |
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The Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations declares its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain on May 4, 1776 |
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The Colony of Connecticut declares its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain on June 18, 1776 |
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The Colony of Virginia adopts a constitution for an independent Commonwealth of Virginia on June 29, 1776 |
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The Province of New Jersey adopts a constitution for an independent State of New Jersey on July 2, 1776 |
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The 13 British North American provinces of Virginia, Massachusetts Bay, Maryland, Connecticut, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, New York, New Jersey, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania and Delaware, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia united as the United States of America declare their independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain on July 4, 1776 |
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The Republic of New Connecticut declares its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain on January 15, 1777 |
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The Republic of New Connecticut changes its name to Vermont on June 2, 1777 |
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Spain establishes El Presidio Reál de San Francisco de Asis in Las Californias, September 17, 1776 |
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English explorer James Cook becomes the first European to visit the Hawaiian Islands which he names the Sandwich Islands, January 18, 1778 |
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The Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts takes effect on October 25, 1780, changing the name of the State of Massachusetts Bay. |
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Spain establishes El Presidio Reál de Santa Barbara in Las Californias, April 21, 1782 |
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The Philadelphia Convention writes a new Constitution of the United States, May 25, 1787 – September 17, 1787 |
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The Congress of the Confederation organizes the Territory Northwest of the River Ohio, July 13, 1787 |
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The State of Delaware becomes the 1st state to ratify the US Constitution on December 7, 1787[1] |
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The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania becomes the 2nd state to ratify the US Constitution on December 12, 1787[1] |
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The State of New Jersey becomes the 3rd state to ratify the US Constitution on December 18, 1787[1] |
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The State of Georgia becomes the 4th state to ratify the US Constitution on January 2, 1788[1] |
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The State of Connecticut becomes the 5th state to ratify the US Constitution on January 9, 1788[1] |
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The Commonwealth of Massachusetts becomes the 6th state to ratify the US Constitution on February 6, 1788[1] |
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The State of Maryland becomes the 7th state to ratify the US Constitution on April 28, 1788[1] |
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The State of South Carolina becomes the 8th state to ratify the US Constitution on May 23, 1788[1] |
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The US Constitution takes effect when the State of New Hampshire becomes the 9th state to ratify the document on June 21, 1788[1] |
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The Commonwealth of Virginia becomes the 10th state to ratify the US Constitution on June 25, 1788[1] |
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The State of New York becomes the 11th state to ratify the US Constitution on July 26, 1788[1] |
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A new government under the US Constitution comes into being on March 4, 1789 |
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George Washington becomes the 1st President of the United States on April 30, 1789[1] |
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The State of North Carolina becomes the 12th state to ratify the US Constitution on November 21, 1789[1] |
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The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations becomes the 13th state to ratify the US Constitution on May 29, 1790[1] |
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The Vermont Republic is admitted to the Union as the State of Vermont (the 14th state) on March 4, 1791 |
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The United States sells the Erie Triangle to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, March 3, 1792 |
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The District of Kentucky of the Commonwealth of Virginia is admitted to the Union as the Commonwealth of Kentucky (the 15th state) on June 1, 1792 |
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The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution takes effect, February 7, 1795 |
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The Territory South of the River Ohio is admitted to the Union as the State of Tennessee (the 16th state) on June 1, 1796 |
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John Adams becomes the 2nd President of the United States on March 4, 1797 |